Any text editor opens a .md file - on a Mac, that includes the built-in
TextEdit. It will look like plain text with symbols like # and
** scattered around. To see it as a formatted document (headings, bold,
tables), open it in a Markdown app instead.
What is a .md file?
A .md file is a Markdown file: a plain-text document where symbols describe
formatting - # means a heading, **bold** means bold. AI tools
like ChatGPT and Claude use Markdown for almost everything they write, which is why these
files suddenly show up in normal people's lives. The good news: it's just text. You cannot
break anything by opening it.
Method 1: Open a .md file on Mac in TextEdit (built in, free)
- Right-click the file and choose Open With → TextEdit.
- The file opens as plain text. You'll see the raw symbols - that's normal.
- You can read and edit the text; just leave the symbols as they are.
Good for: a quick look. Not good for: actually reading a
long document - a wall of # and ** is nobody's idea of comfort.
One caution: if you edit in TextEdit, keep the file in plain-text mode (Format → Make
Plain Text) so smart quotes don't sneak in.
Method 2: Quick Look (spacebar)
Select the file in Finder and press Space. macOS shows a preview of the raw text without opening any app. Fastest way to check what's inside; no formatting, no editing.
Method 3: VS Code (free, technical)
If you're comfortable with developer tools, Visual Studio Code is free and opens
.md files with a preview pane (⌘K V) that renders the
formatting. It is a code editor, though: monospace text, panels, and settings designed for
programmers. Powerful if that's your world; noisy if it isn't.
Method 4: Online viewers
Sites like StackEdit or Dillinger render Markdown in the browser. You paste your text in and see it formatted. Fine for a one-off - but you're copy-pasting file contents into a website, which gets old fast and isn't ideal for anything confidential.
Method 5: A Markdown app (the comfortable way)
A dedicated Markdown editor opens .md files as what they really are: documents.
Double-click the file, read it with real headings and tables, edit it like you would in
any writing app.
Troubleshooting
My .md file opens in Xcode (or some other app)
- Right-click the file and choose Get Info.
- Under Open with, pick the app you prefer.
- Click Change All… to make every .md file open there from now on.
The file is full of strange symbols
That's the Markdown syntax showing as plain text - the file is fine. Open it in an app that renders Markdown and the symbols turn into formatting.